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Reactive Intermediates

A chemical reaction always begins with a reactant (starting material) and to, which, when a suitable reagent is added, triggers a chemical response. 

Sometimes, these chemical reactions do not happen in a single step and require multiple steps that go through intermediates. These intermediates are called the ‘Reactive Intermediates’ and are essential for converting reactants into products. 

The chapter on ‘Reactive Intermediates’ discusses some of the most important types - Carbocation, Carbanion, and Free Radical (Carbon based).

Chapter Reactive Intermediates Covers-

  • Carbocation- Introduction, Nature, and Types
  • Formation of Carbocation
  • Stability of Carbocations- Inductive, Resonance, and Hyperconjugation
  • Other Structural Features Increasing Carbocation Stability
  • Structural Feature Decreasing Carbocation Stability
  • Fate of the Carbocation
  • General Carbocation Formation Reactions
  • Carbanion- Introduction, Nature, and Types
  • Formation of Carbanions
  • Carbanion Stabilization
  • Ease of Formation of Carbanion -Acidic proton
  • Fate of the Carbanion
  • Free Radical- Introduction and Types of Carbon-Centred Radicals
  • Structure of Carbon-Centred Free Radical
  • Formation of Radicals
  • Stability of the Carbon-Centred Radicals
  • Other Structural Feature Increasing Free Radical Stability
  • Comparing Free Radical Stability using Dissociation energies (D-H) 
  • Fate of Free Radicals
  • Common Reactions Involving Carbon-Free Radicals