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Differences between Extensive and Intensive Physical Properties

 

Extensive

Intensive

Definition

The properties that change when the size or amount of the sample changes are defined as extensive properties. That is, if the properties are dependent on the amount of matter, then doubling the quantity of matter must also double the property.  

Intensive properties are those that do not change with the size or amount of the sample and, therefore, are entirely independent of the amount of matter.       

Example

Mass of a sample of ethanol, volume of benzene, total heat released in a combustion reaction.

The boiling point of acetone, the Refractive index of toluene, the density of chloroform, the melting point of urea, and the colour of acetic acid.

Application

Extensive properties can help calculate the stoichiometry required for reactions to proceed and control the quantity of the product formed.

Intensive properties, such as boiling point or melting point, can help identify and evaluate the purity of organic compounds.   

 

How to Remember (Mnemonic)-

Intensive- Inherent Nature stays The Same (Eg. Boiling point, Density)
 

 

Physical Properties
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