A rule stating that an elimination reaction will give as the major product the most stable alkene, that is, the alkene with the most highly substituted double bond.
For example, dehydrohalogenation of alkyl halide 2-Bromo-2-methylbutane can proceed in two ways to give two types of alkenes, of which only one is a major product.
The meta directors are a class of atoms or a group of atoms that, when attached to an aromatic ring, render it with the ability to direct an incoming electrophile to its meta (third or fifth) position in an electrophile aromatic substitution reaction.
An acyl group is a general way of referring to an R’-C=O unit that forms the core of compounds like aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and acyl halides in modern organic chemistry.
This acyl group is easily identifiable with its carbon atom that is double-bonded to oxygen (C=O, carbonyl carbon) with one bond to an R’ group, which can be an alkyl or aryl group.
| Addition Reaction | Elimination Reaction | |
|---|---|---|
Process | Two molecules combine in an addition reaction to form a single addition product (adduct).
| Elimination reaction involves loss of two groups and formation of a new bond. |
Mechanism | The addition can take place by heterolytic, homolytic, or pericyclic methods. |
Inorganic chemistry describes oxidation in two ways. The first method is through the loss of electrons, and the second is by the increase in oxidation number.
In substitution reactions, an atom or group of atoms is displaced and replaced by another atom or group of atoms. The displaced atom is called the leaving group. The rest of the molecule remains unaffected.
Elimination reaction involves the loss of two groups and the formation of a new bond.
A decomposition reaction breaks down the substrate into two or more smaller, simpler molecules.
The decomposition reaction is initiated by obtaining energy from heat, light, or electricity sources.
An atom or group of atoms migrate from one position to another; such reactions are rearrangement reactions.
Post rearrangement, the molecule formed has the atoms arranged differently but has the same molecular formula as the parent. Therefore, such rearrangements create structural isomers, compounds that differ in structure but have the same molecular formula.
Related Reading - Structural Isomerism