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How do polar nonpolar molecules interact? Explain with examples.

A polar molecule has natural poles. Therefore, when next to a nonpolar molecule, it will try to magnetize it temporarily. 

The negative end of the polar molecule will repel the nonpolar molecules’ moving electron cloud, or the positive end will attract its electrons, which can contribute to significant distortions. Such a forced activity can induce a temporary pole separation in the nonpolar molecule. 

Once a few poles next to the polar molecules are formed, it creates a domino effect. Next, magnetized nonpolar molecules attract and create more and more poles in their neighbors. Such a collaborative interaction by attraction is called the dipole-induced dipole intermolecular interaction, also known as the Debye force.

For example, consider a polar molecule like HCl and a neutral nonpolar atom like Helium (He). The one end of HCl distorts the stable electron cloud of He on approach. It creates a temporary dipole in the He atom resulting in the polar-nonpolar intermolecular attraction between them.

How polar-nonpolar molecules interact. With examples.

 

Some other examples of polar-nonpolar interactions are H2O-Ar, HF-H2, etc.

Related Reading: Debye Force

How Polar Molecules Interact?

Types of Covalent Bond - Polar and Nonpolar

 

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