Why Crystalline Solids have Definite Heat of fusion?
- The unit cells that makes up the entire crystalline solid has a fixed value for the length of the edges and the angle between the edges.
Organic Chemistry Questions and Short Answers
Can alkenes and benzenes act as nucleophiles?
Nucleophiles are electron-rich species that can donate a pair of electrons and form a new covalent bond with an electron-deficient counterpart called the electrophiles. That is why electrophiles are referred to as lovers of electrons.
The nucleophiles donate electrons as lone pairs, pie bonds, or sigma bonds.
Read- What are nucleophiles?
How does molecular geometry or shape influence reactivity?
The arrangement of groups around a central atom creates its three-dimensional shape. And this shape affects how it interacts with other molecules or ions.
The interactions could be bonding - to form new bonds or nonbonding- affecting the physical properties of solubility, melting point, boiling point, polarity, and more.
Why study of isomers became an important part of Chemistry?
The discovery of isomerism marked the advent of structural chemistry, where it became significantly important to establish structural formulas, welcome the abundance of structurally diverse compounds, classify them, and study their individual properties and impacts.
Which molecules show Keesom Forces?
Polar molecules show Keesom forces. Polar molecules have heteroatoms that differ in electronegativity values such that the electronegativity difference between the two atoms in a polar covalent bond is greater than 0.5 but less than 1.7. For example, HF, HCl, R-OH, etc.
How do polar molecules interact?
A molecule is said to be polar if the bond electrons between the atoms in a covalent bond are unequally distributed, creating two ends. The electron redistribution is marked by showing the separation of charges as a partial charge above the atom's symbol. Therefore, a polar molecule always has a positive and a negative end resulting in a dipole. The pulling of bond electrons by an atom is attributed to its electronegativity.
Why are pentahalides more covalent than trihalides? (Group 15/Group 5A)
A pentahalide or a trihalide represents an element of group 15 with five or three halogen atoms. An element must either share electrons by covalent bonding with the halogens or lose electrons and ionic bond with the halogens to form a pentahalide or a trihalide.
Why are larger atoms polarizable? What is their effect on the Debye force?
If the size of a nonpolar atom is greater, it means that the atom has a higher number of electron containing orbitals. The outer electrons are away from experiencing the inward attractive pull of the nucleus (nuclear charge) and capable of undergoing electron-cloud distortion or polarization.
What is the Strongest Bond in Chemistry?
A chemical bond strength is a force holding the atoms in a bond, and separating such atoms requires energy input. The bonds are of two types- Intermolecular and Intramolecular bonds.
Intramolecular bonds join the atoms in a molecule, whereas Intermolecular bonds are only responsible for closely associating the molecules. Therefore, Intramolecular bonds require higher energy to break than intermolecular bonds.
Why Hydrogen bonds are stronger than dipole-dipole interactions?
Dipole-dipole interactions occur in polar molecules where the difference in electronegativity between the combining atoms creates positive and negative dipoles. These opposite poles align and result in electrostatic attraction throughout the polar medium. So, naturally, the strength of the interaction would depend on the magnitude of the charges and their distance, explained by the Coulombic law. So, the higher the magnitude of the charges and the lesser the distance between them, the stronger the dipole-dipole attractive interaction.