Physical properties identify the substance's unique nature by subjecting the substance to qualitative and quantitative measurements. In these experiments, the substance does not undergo destruction or reconstitution of its composition but can change states/phases.
For example, physical property measurement experiments on table salt can describe it as a white solid in appearance, shiny crystalline in nature that melts at 800 oC and is soluble in water. Analysis of none of these parameters required salt to undergo any change in its composition. It existed as NaCl (table salt) before and even after these physical properties measurement experiments, revealing only its nature.
A few of the terms commonly covered under physical property measurements are- Mass, Area, Density, Malleability, Ductility, Conductivity, Melting Point, Boiling Point, Absorption, Brittleness, Color, Pressure, Temperature, etc.
